Hair clamp for permanent wave apparatus



JulyZO, 1937. n. s. MosHER 2,087,504

' HAIR CLAMP FOR PERMANENT-WAVE APPARATUS I Filed Feb. 25, 1955 INVENTORi fra .5. Masker i ATTORNEY Patented July 20, 1 937 y BAER CLAMP FORPERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS 4 Claims.

This invention relates to an improved form of hair clamp for use inpermanent wave apparatus.

In permanent wave apparatus as previously used, it has been customary toclamp each lock of hair adjacent the roots thereof with a clamp, to passthe lock of hair through a guard and place the same over the clamp andthereafter to wind the lock of hair upon a roller .and apply heat bymeans of a heating pad to the lock of hair thus wound, to impart apermanent wave to the lock of hair. Unless the clamp used as a part ofthis apparatus clamps the strands `of hair tightly, there is a tendency`for the roller to pull the hair and for the 'chemical solution producedby the moistened heating pack to leak through the clamp and burn thescalp. Moreover, `should. the operator wind the lock of hair `upon theroller lbefore passing said lock of hair through the guard, lit isnecessary to unwind the hair from the roller before the guard can beplaced in proper position, thus causing considerable delay.

One-object of this invention is a more'enicient clamp for apermanent-wave apparatus.

Another object is a clamp which` will prevent the hair from bei-ngpulled when wound upon. the

roller. f

Another object is to -prevent the vchemical solu- .tion produced by theheating pack from passing through the-clamp to the scalp.

Another object -is to save the time lostdue to thefailure to insert theguard before winding th hair upon the rol-ler.- Y

Other objects will appear from the detailed description which follows. Y

I-n-the drawing comprising but .a single sheet of six figures numberedFigs. .1 to 6 inclusive:

Fig. l -is a -plan view -of the clamp in open position with certain ofthe parts shown in section;

`]'ig.,2 isa plan View `of the clamp in closed position with certain of.the parts shown in section;

Fig. 3 is a siderelevation of the clamp and roller assembly with -a lockof hair ready for winding; y

Fig. 4 is -a side elevation partly in section taken along .the line4*--4 .of Figure 5 looking in the direction of Athe arrows;

Fig. 5 is an end view; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the several parts in exploded form.

Like reference characters designate correspondi'ng parts throughout theseveral figures oi the drawing.

Clamp iii includes tie rod VIl having an elbowshaped end piece l2secured to one end of said tie rod in any suitable manner, as by meansof a rivet I3. End piece l2 includes a wedgeshaped extension portion I4.This wedge-shaped extension may be triangular, conical, or otherwiseformed, so as to center in the frustoconical opening 2B formed in thetubular metal clamp member 24. End piece I2 is provided with a U-,shapedrecess l5 for receiving the guideway 3l of roller 35. The opposite endof tie rod Il may be bent as indicated at i6, and is pivotally connectedat I8 to the end piece Il by means of a nut and bolt, or other suitabledevice. End piece il is bent at right .angles to form a shoulder i9having a shoulder post i90. for engaging in the notched end 3.5 ofroller 35. End piece i1 is likewise provided with a wedge-shapedextension portion 20 which may be triangular, corneal, or otherwiseformed, so as to constitute a centering ,device for the frustoconicalopening 2l formed in the tubular metal clamp member 243.

Alocking lever 22 is pivoted at 2| to the end piece Il by means of Varivet, or other suitable device, dening a pivot post kfor the lever. Oneend of locking lever 22 forms a cam-shaped roller 23 operable toco-operate with the extension member 32 to lock clamp members 2li and 29together. Clamp member 2li is surrounded by a tubular rubber cover 25.Said clamp member is preferably tubular, the bore 2B ofclamp mem,- ber24 tending to reduce the weight of the device. Bore 28 is bevelled atits opposite ends to define frustoconical openings 26 and 2l forreceiving the wedge-shaped extensions lll and 2i! in the mannerpreviously described.

The tubular metal clamp member 2li is provided with a supplemental metalclamp member 29. Member 29 is flattened on the side adjacent to member24 so as to present a substantial gripping area for clamping the hairbetween the tubular rubber covers 25 yand 3A, thereby preventing thelock of hair from being drawn through clamping members 2d and 2S whenroller clip 35 is rotated towind the lock of hair upon roller 38. Clampmember 29 is provided at one end with any `.ear 3d, which is pivoted at3| to the end piece CFI A roller clip is used in association with clampI0. Said roller clip includes a roller 33 journalled in a notched endmember 35. The opposite end of roller 38 is provided with acircumferential guideway 3l adapted to engage in the U-shaped recess I5of clamp I B. Roller clip 35 is also provided with a clamping trigger39, concavely curved to conform to the contour of the roller 33, saidtrigger being pivoted at relative to the roller, so that by the movementof clamping trigger 39 the end of the lock of hair may be wound aboutroller 38 (see Fig. 6) and the clamping trigger 33 then closed againstthe hair Wound on roller 38 to lock the strands of hair in placepreparatory to winding the balance of the lock of hair upon the roller38.Y Fig. 3 indicates the position of the clampV ID and roller clip 35after clamping trigger 39 has been brought into contact with roller 38and the balance kof the lock of hair wound tight upon roller 38 andtrigger 39 of roller clip 35.

A chemical pack 4I adapted to be moistened to generate heat is thenplaced around roller clip 35 (see Figs. 4 and 5) and is retained inplace by means of pack holder 42. The pack holder'consists of jawmembers 43 and 44 (Fig. 6) which are hinged together at their oppositeends by means of jaw hinges 4'1-47. Jaw members 43 and 44 are alsoprovided with thumb and nger latches -45 and a suitablespring 46co-acting with the thumb and nger latches to tension the jaw members andmaintain them in closed position, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The principle of operation is as follows: with the-clamp in the openposition shown in Fig. 1 a lock of hair is passed between clamp members24 and 29, clamp I0 being placed on the scalpgclose to the roots of thehair. Y Clamp members 24 and 29 are then brought together under fingerpressure until roller cam 23 engages in the recess 33 of extension 32,whereupon locking lever .22 is moved from the position shown in Fig. 1to the position shown in Fig. 2, and the strands of hair are now tightlyclamped between the oppositely disposed faces of the tubular rubbercovers 25 and 34. The wedge-shaped extensions I4 and 29 eoact with thebevelled openingsV of bore. 28 of clamp member 24 to draw clamp members24 and 29 in substantially parallel position, the wedge-shapedextensions I4 and 29 dening a plurality ofV adjustable fulcrum pointsfor clamp member 24. This results in bringing all contacting parts ofthe tubular rubber covers 25 and 34 to substantially equal tension sothat all strands of the clamped lock of hair are held undersubstantially equal tension, thereby preventing any of the strands frombeing drawn through the clamp Ywhen roller clip 35 is operated. The freeend of the `lock of hair is now placed upon the roller clip as shown inFig. 6, the clamping trigger 39 is then pressed against roller 38, androller clip 35is now rotated to roll the lock of hair upon roller 38 andtrigger 39, and roller clip 35 is brought into co-operative relationwith clamp i, as shown in Fig. 3. After roller clip 35 has been broughtinto proper association with clamp I9 as shown in Fig. 3, the roller 38is rotated in the U-shaped recess I5 by means of a suitable key insertedin an axially disposed key-way 5i) in roller 38 shown dotted and by therotation of the roller, the slackness, if any, is removed from the `lockof hair which is thus tightly wound in proper position. The chemicalpack 4I is then placed over the. hair and moistened, and pack holder 42placed around pack 4I as indicated in Figs. 4 and 5.V Any tendency forroller 38 to unwind is prevented by the frictional engagement of thehair against rubber covers 25 and 34 and the clamping action of pack 4Iand pack holder 42. The chemical solution generated by moistened pack 4Iwill impregnate the hair rolled on roller clip 35, but owing to thetension exerted upon clamp members 24 and 29 by locking lever 22 no partof this solution will leak through the rubber covers 25 and 34 to thescalp, thus eliminating any risk of burning the scalp with the chemicalsolution generated by pack 4I. After suitable time has elapsed, theoperator removes the holder 42, the pack 4I, unwinds the hair fromroller clip 35, and releases clamp I9.

Clamp member 24 is rotatable about the ful crum points formed by thewedge-shaped extensions I4 and 2|] seated in the frusto-conical openings26 and 21, thereby permitting the member 24 carrying tubular rubbercover or rubber roller 25 to be rotated, to permit the rubber to wearevenly. Tubular rubber cover or rubber roller 34 may be rotated on theclamp member 29 so as to present an unworn contacting surface oppositethe contacting surface of rubber roller 25. The tubular rubber'covers 25and 34 may be renewed when worn, the former by first removing the nutand bolt of pivot I8, and the-latter by merely withdrawing the worn outcover 34.

It should be understood that when clamp I0 is closed as shown in Fig. 2,the contacting faces of the rubber rollers 25 and 34 are compressedagainst'the tension exerted by the roller cam 23 in the recess 33 ofextension 32, and the pressure between the contacting faces of therubber rollers 25 and 34 prevents the strands of hair from being drawnthrough the said rollers when roller 38 is rotated to wind the lock ofhair thereon.

What is claimed is:

1. A permanent'wave Vapparatus comprising a clamp, said clamp having atubular clamp member, the bore ends of said tube being bevelled to dennefrusto-conical seats, wedge-shaped'members seated in said seats, a tierod interconnecting said wedge-shaped members and pivotally connected toone of them, a supplementary clamp member pivotally connected to theother wedgeshaped member, said supplementary clamp member being movedabout'said pivot towards and away from said tubular clamp member andhaving a concave recess in the free end thereof dening a cam seat, and apivotally-mounted leveroperated cam for engaging with and locking insaid cam seat to secure and retain said clamping.

members in parallel alignment.

2. In a clamp for a permanent wave apparatus and in combination, a firstclamping member having the ends thereof countersunk to definewedge-shaped seats, end pieces, said end pieces having wedge-shapedextensions for frictionally engaging the walls of said'seats, a tie rodinterconnecting said end pieces and pivotally connected to one of them,a second clamping member pivotally connected to the other end piece,said second clamping member being movable about its pivot towards andaway from said rst clamping member and having a recess in the free endthereof defining a cam seat, and a lever controlled cam pivotallymounted relative to the first clamping member and operable by said leverto engage with and'lock in said cam seat to secure and retain saidclamping members in parallel alignment.

3. A hair clamp comprising, a framework, a

first clamping member supported on said framework and having a ilaredend, an end piece pivoted to said framework and bevelled to frictionallyengage the walls of said flared end to form a bearing for said clampingmember, a complementary clamping member pivoted to said framework andmovable towards and away from said rst clamping member, and meansincluding a lever operated cam cooperating with said end piece and withthe free end of said complementary clamping member for locking saidclamping members in parallel alignment.

4. A hair clamp comprising a framework, a rst clamping member supportedon said framework and having a flared end, an end piece pivoted to saidframework and bevelled to frictionally engage the walls of said flaredend to form a bearing for said clamping member, a complementary clampingmember pivoted to said framework and movable into and out of clampingposition relative to said first clamping m'ember, and means cooperatingwith said end piece and with the free end of said complementary clampingmember for bringing said clamping members into, and locking them againstmovement out o'f, clamping position.

IRA S. MOSHER.

